APPENDIX C
Composition of Diesel Exhaust Fumes

The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the USA explains that NIOSH safety reps should consult with employers where members are exposed to diesel fumes in the workplace. The aim should be to replace the use of diesel fuels, or where this is not possible, provide measures in line with the guidance below, which will reduce exposure to diesel fumes.

The EPA is consistently monitoring and establishing new air quality standards, in an attempt to abate the dangers of diesel exhaust fumes. The EPA is working to set up new air quality standards to help abate the problem of diesel fumes. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has helped in the creation of these guidelines. They are as follows:

• Ozone (O3) ACGIH: (complex, includes workload, et al) EPA: 0.08-ppm (8 hrs) 0.12ppm (1 hr) . Particulate (PM2.5) EPA: 15ug/m3 (annual means) 65 ug/m3 (24 hrs)
• Particulate (PM10) EPA: 50ug/m3 (annual means) 150/m3 (24 hrs)
• Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) EPA: 0.03 ppm (80mcg/m3; annual average) 0.14 ppm (365 mcg/m3/24 hrs) ACGIH: 2 PPM (TWA) 5 ppm (CEILING)
• Carbon Monoxide EPA: 9 ppm (10 mg/m3; 8 hr 35 ppm (40mg/M3; 1 hr)